European Economic Community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

European Economic Community - Essay Example Three settlement associations were considered for the making of the European Communities known under EC since 1992. The European Economic Community, being the processor of the EC, was a bargain between Belgium, France, Luxemburg, the Netherlands and West Germany. It focused on the monetary tendency of the taking an interest regions which would in the long run lead to normal political objectives and organizations. Today the association numbers 25 individuals which all fall under the European Union association. These are Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland1. The point of this paper is to research to what exactly expand the European Union hosts infiltrated the economy of each get-together and to what exactly broaden it speaks to another lawful request meaning the impact the of the normal guidelines and approaches followed on the member nations. Also, the commonness of Community Laws over neighborhood Laws is analyzes and for this issue the Dutch vehicle firm Van Gend and Loos case is talked about for instance case. All previous are supported through examination inside the EC part nations and correlation with improvement rates generally. Since European Community is a mainstay of the European Union concentrating on ecological, social and essentially conservative issues, the two terms are utilized conversely for the remainder of this paper. Normal Policy Issues The primary issue to examine here are the developing issues of the regular fleeting strategy actualized multi year back by twelve of the fifteen individuals and how these were handled by the Community specialists. To begin with and moving endlessly from the pervasiveness issues essentially, accomplishing the deficiency objectives isn't a simple errand and there isn't a lot of certainty for all nations. Solid economies are relied upon to perform better than littler economies that probably won't accomplish the set principles and clashes inside the association limits are basic to happen. Besides, the respective change rates are placed into question concerning how much these mirror the cash before transformation. Thirdly, the center or solid economy nations will be much increasingly worthwhile in chance taking; in reality they will be significantly progressively preservationist. Loan cost level anyway on the quickly developing nations anyway will be significantly higher and nations, for example, Ireland, Portugal, Greece and Spain. The previous may experience incredible issues while dealing with their economies (Krijsman, 1998). The whole previous summarize to a rundown of issues the Community needed to handle even before grasping the regular fiscal approach. Obviously the authority of the Community authorized the individuals to follow the rules forced to them; these anyway depended on the undeniable realities and the capability of every part. Regardless, the individuals followed, or are as yet attempting to in the event that they have not accomplished, the set gauges forced by the EC. The EC Facts The European Union spotlights on financial and ecological arrangements on subjects as horticulture, exchange, helpful guide and tax collection approaches. The one of a kind property of regular monetary arrangement met inside the European Union limits holds an additional property; every taking part nation will come up short or succeed. This is the principle worry of nations that will not join the European Union as Switzerland and Norway that decline to jo

AP Essay

AP Essay AP Essay Amerika Gillett Per. 3 â€AP English 4/1/14 2010 AP* English Language and Composition Free-Response Questions Question 3 A political animation is framed by mention and cartoon. They are the essential source that frequently interesting and engaging bits of knowledge into the open state of mind, the under lying social suspicions old enough and mentality towards recent developments. The substance of political kid's shows for the most part incorporates cliché features a specific perspective or thought utilizing delineations. The picture can be silly just as educational, they can likewise be deliberately and even genuine. Illustrators frequently use humor as an approach to communicate their perspectives in political kid's shows. Society permits humorists to make statements that others can't or won't state. For instance, in one animation, which was brought to consideration, had a picture of President Barack Obama holding a picture of him that said â€Å"hope† and a statement that stated, â€Å"Maybe I’ll attempt again†. This picture had a negative significance behind it. The visual artist was suggesting that President Obama has done nothing over his last term and he remembers it. The visual artist utilized that particular picture to communicate his supposition on the choice of the President. â€Å" To pass on without risk of punishment messages that may be hazardous or difficult to state directly.† Societal agreements take into account political messages in ones funniness on the off chance that one wishes, yet there is no basic for a humorist doesn't wish to do as such. These days, contending with society, individuals tent to dismiss the most at was limits for genuine conversation. Being a humorist is additionally being a pundit; a significant number of the jokes are focused on regular daily existence or gathering of individuals. ap exposition ap exposition The proposition of the American epic A History of the World in 6 Glasses is that sure well known refreshments have influenced undeniably more than the strength of individuals from the beginning of time, yet additionally their strict services, monetary and political perspectives, and public activity. The writer of the novel Tom Standage underpins the subject that is expounded on and shows no investigation of conflict with the proposition. Tom Standage is a creator of 3 different books, which are additionally notable examinations, which bolster his information and research gave in this specific novel. A History of the World in 6 Glasses is separated into six fragments, one for each drink, the first is brew. Man's first human advancements were set up after the gathering of developing and the preparation of oat grains. This adjustment in way of life helped the ascent of executives, copyists, and gifted laborers. Next was wine, expected a critical part in the flourishing Greek and Roman s ocial orders. Wine propelled unfathomable seaborne trade, which spread their perspectives on reasoning, administrative issues, and composing. The book raises how these degrees of progress started and created at formal Greek drinking social occasions. A History of the World in 6 Glasses gives different sorts of proof to help the proposal that Standage made. The proof gave bolsters the theory and builds up the subject of essentialness of the beverages referenced in the novel. For instance, lager was first made in the Fertile Crescent and by 3000 BC was so critical to Mesopotamia and Egypt that it was being utilized to pay compensation. In old Greece , wine turned into a principle send out, serving to spread Greek culture abroad. After the defeat of Rome, spirits, for example, cognac and rum, rearranging utilizing a procedure formulated by Arab chemist , energized the Age of Exploration , bracing sailors on long journeys and oiling the malignant slave exchange. Espresso likewise starte d in the Arab creation and proceeded to rouse logical, monetary and political transformations in Europe during the Age of Reason, when café turned into the focuses of mind trade. At last, however carbonated beverages were developed in eighteenth 100 Europe they turned into a twentieth century marvel, and Coca-Cola specifically is the main image of globalization. Standage presents wine-hued through an expression of early Hellene and Roman letters society. Wine is at first connected with blender class as it was extraordinary and rare, being costly to move without breakage. Wine passed on force, distinction, and benefit. Wine at that point came to epitomize Hellene culture and turned out to be all the more broadly accessible. It was utilized not just in the Symposium , the Greek drinking Party , yet additionally therapeutically to clean twisted and as a more secure beverage than water. Roman ranchers consolidated Greek impact with their own

College Application Essay Sample For Math Major

College Application Essay Sample For Math MajorIt is quite difficult to write a college application essay on the mathematics topic without preparing good and interesting mathematics college application essay samples for math major. There are hundreds of examples of math essay samples in magazines and newspapers, but not all of them are useful. You can spend some time and search out the ones that you like most, so that you can use them as basis for your own essay. However, writing math essay may not be easy and there may be times when you will feel confused as to how to proceed with this course of action.A math degree will certainly change your life in many ways. It will help you make a lot of money and even help you in your job. It is a must to get such a degree because it will help you with career options. So, if you are interested in pursuing a math degree you need to prepare yourself by preparing college application essay samples for math major that is according to the specific re quirements of the admission criteria.If you are feeling very uncertain about your math skills, then here are some tips for writing the college application essay samples for math major. To begin with, you need to come up with some idea of the subject that you will be writing about. Once you have a written idea then you can go ahead and look for some math application essays samples for math major by consulting your instructor or your high school teachers.This idea will serve as a guideline for the math application essay samples for math major. After you have selected the type of essay samples for math major, you can go through the examples and then determine what the best ones are. It is always good to read the entire assignment before submitting it to ensure that you understand the idea has not been lost in the common errors.The first question that comes to your mind is how to write an essay? Since the essay is used to showcase your talents, it is important that it does not come acro ss as trying to force ideas into the reader's mind. Here, you should not use unnecessary information.When writing the essay, you should make sure that you have a clear understanding of the subject matter that you are writing about and make the reader understand with general knowledge. The student would be impressed with your thinking if he feels that you know what you are talking about.A good example of the mathematics is when you have a family member who is doing math work or an authority figure who is educating you with the basics of math. Many of us have had these types of experiences which made us appreciate the art of math. The internet is another source of doing math related research.Writing a math essay sample by using resources and tips provided by others is very useful. If you will apply these, then you will be able to produce an essay that shows your passion for math.

Lincoln Electric Company s Impact On Corporate Culture

â€Å"We will distinguish ourselves through an unwavering commitment to our employees and a relentless drive to maximize shareholder value†; as found within Lincoln Electrics’ Vision Statement (Lincoln Electric 1999-2016). The beliefs and values transferred from company founders and instilled into employees can have an overwhelming impact on corporate culture. By establishing a positive corporate culture one can influence exceptional company performance. This is clearly demonstrated by Lincoln Electric Company, from its early days until its present day. I will present how the Lincoln Electric Company has done just that! Before anyone can truly understand and respect Lincoln Electrics’ culture values (which has one of the finest corporate cultures), we must look at how the company has evolved to become what it is today. In the early 1900s, the company transitioned leadership from John Lincoln, the original founder, to his younger brother, James Lincoln. John turned management and leadership to James Lincoln in order to pursue his ingenuity through inventing for the company. One of the first orders as General Manger was to assemble and advisory group that would report to him. He did so by requesting the employees from various departments to elect a representative to be on the committee that would meet with management – to this day the advisory group meets two times per month. What emerged from this formal group is unmistakably what was set in motion, and established aShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Lincoln Electric Company Harvard Case Study1006 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of the Lincoln Electric Company Harvard Case Study by Arthur Sharplin By: Lauren N. Ingram The Lincoln Electric Company was a legacy company from which the families personal values were incorporated in the beginning and continue to be the fundamental beliefs compromising the company s culture. By creating and implementing a culture of service, respect, and loyalty, the Lincoln Electric Company has become an institutional leader in American business standards. Lincoln s culture cannot beRead MoreLincoln Electric: Case Study2209 Words   |  9 PagesLincoln Electric: Case Study Lincoln Electric is one of the leading producers and manufacturers of Arc Welding Products and Electric Motors. Lincoln Electric’s success lies on the foundation of the various company policies introduced by James Lincoln. This case study analyzed the critical points on which the success of Lincoln Electric’s has its foundations. Company’s Basic Principle Lincoln Electric’s foundations are based on values of trust, overt nature to management, self reliance, righteousnessRead MoreIndira Nooyi5487 Words   |  22 PagesSchool: Holy Angels School, Chennai College: * Bachelor s degree (Chemistry, Physics, Maths) from Madras Christian College, Chennai (1974). * Master s Degree in Finance and Marketing from the Indian Institute of Management in Calcutta (1976). * Master s Degree in Public and Private Management from Yale University s School of Organization and Management (1978). Board member * Federal Reserve Bank of New York * Motorola * Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts * International Rescue CommitteeRead MoreLeadership Barriers And Organizational Disconnections Related On The Marketing Of Potentially Unsafe Medical Devices7821 Words   |  32 Pagesmedical devices will be identified and explored. Medical devices are used to mitigate health issues and to maintain an acceptable quality of life (Harrison et al. 2013). Because medical devices are expected to perform without failure, medical device companies have a responsibility to design, develop and manufacture medical devices that meet patient needs and do no harm (Longton, 2014, Sloan, 2010). However, some manufactured medical devices fail and cause injury or death to patients despite having beenRead Moreaccg330 Essay7774 Words   |  32 Pagesweek. Please read the Baldwin Bicycles Case prior to class. Week 3 Strategic process and strategic analysis ........................................... page 2 Case: Baldwin Bicycles Week 4 Strategy and management control. Case: Lincoln Electric Week 5 Strategic change and strategic flexibility Class Test 1 (during normal seminar) ............................................. page 5 No assignment is due this week due to class test. Week 6 Activity based costing ....Read MoreSwot Analysis Of Hyundai Motor Company Swot3090 Words   |  13 PagesSWOT analysis Hyundai Strengths Weaknesses Serving Worldwide Research and development Shortage of spare parts Product recalls Opportunities Threats Develop fuel efficient cars Provide training to dealers Exchange rates Competition (Hyundai Motor Company, 2015) GM Strengths Weaknesses Strong brand portfolio Strong presence in China High cost structure Brand dilution Opportunities Threats Positive attitude towards â€Å"green† vehicles Changing customer needs Rising raw material prices Intense competitionRead MoreLogistics and Value Chain Analysis-Ford Motor Company4824 Words   |  20 PagesExecutive Summary The Ford Automotive Company is an American Multinational Enterprise (MNE) based in Dearborn, Michigan, Detroit. The second largest automaker in the U.S. operates out of three regions, Europe, Latin America and Asia Pacific with 78 globally located plants and approximately 213,000 employees. As a multinational enterprise the company’s activities have a significant impact on the environmental, social and economic systems. The central objective of the report aims to identify howRead MoreLogistics and Value Chain Analysis-Ford Motor Company4838 Words   |  20 PagesExecutive Summary The Ford Automotive Company is an American Multinational Enterprise (MNE) based in Dearborn, Michigan, Detroit. The second largest automaker in the U.S. operates out of three regions, Europe, Latin America and Asia Pacific with 78 globally located plants and approximately 213,000 employees. As a multinational enterprise the company’s activities have a significant impact on the environmental, social and economic systems. The central objective of the report aims to identify how theseRead MoreAnswer to the Question - Do You Think It Is a Good Idea on the Part of Any Management to Award Employees with Merit Issues Why or Why Not Discuss and Debate. What Factors Should Management Consider in Your Opinion5718 Words   |  23 PagesMerit plans. Give relevant examples). -------------------------------------------------       Introduction. Awarding good performance of the employees is a method that almost all the companies around the word do in the sense of improve the performance of the company’s. An important issue for the companies is developing and implementing strategies, policies and systems to increase the opportunity to achieve its objectives by increasing the commitment and motivation of the employees. TheRead MoreRole of Cultural Factors in Shaping Human Resource Management6912 Words   |  28 Pagesoperating in South Asian countries. However, only a few of the studies have looked into the issues related to how culture plays a role in shaping key Human Resource(HR) practices such as: compensation policy, job security, training and development, selection and recruitment, decentralization and teamwork, and information sharing in the South Asian context. In this paper, Hosftede’s (1980) culture dimensions are used as a lens to explore the relationship between critical HR practices and Bangladeshi

How Heteronormative Gender Roles Are Reinforced Through...

Children s behaviours are actively shaped by social forces and are continuously evolving. The media in popular culture are powerful tools in moulding and instilling specific responses in accordance to social scripts. ‘SpongeBob Squarepants’ is a popular animated show aimed at children aged 2-13. Through its clever humour and amiable characters, it is easy to see why it captivates children, and likewise adults, across the world. SpongeBob Squarepants is not unique in reflecting stereotypical gender roles and cultural meanings in society. The cartoon, created by Hillenburg, conveys subliminal messages of binaries, gender roles and hierarchy. Through the characters, this essay will observe how heteronormative gender roles are reinforced through socialisation of popular media. However, closer examination also reveals a refreshingly positive and progressive attitude towards gender roles. On the one hand, characters are portrayed conforming to gender role expectations of behaviours and appearances. In Rock-a-Bye Bivalve’, SpongeBob and Patrick adopt a baby clam. Reflecting social norms that a traditional nuclear family consists of mother, father and a child, they allocate their respective roles. The dialogue illustrates their understanding of what each gender role demands. I wanna be the mom! I don t think you can be the mom, Patrick, because you never wear a shirt! You re right! If I was a mom, this [hairy chest] would be†¦ shocking. Just call me daddy!

Persepolis The Story Of An Iranian Child Meeting...

Persepolis: the story of an Iranian child meeting Westernized culture Works in Translation Paper English A: Literature HL Catalina Pino-Rios XXXXX (Candidate Number) Mrs. Smithson May 2017 Bethesda Chevy Chase High School Word Count: 1207 Many people from around the world have a different perspectives of what western culture really is depending on where you are in the world, or what cultures and religions you follow. Some see is at a place of wealth, self-expression, or opportunity. While other places see it as a place of freedom away from the harsh realities they are facing in their own homes. Some countries, like Iran see â€Å"western culture† as a negative thing because it causes iranian†¦show more content†¦The West was an area of creativity and freedom that many outsiders are not able to have. With socially constricting rules to follow on how to dress and what to believe in, self discovery becomes harder to achieve for an individual. For those who must live with imprisoning boundaries forced upon them, like women in the middle east, individualism is almost impossible. For teens in these strict middle eastern, islamic controlled countries it is very hard to build a person s individuality and there fore create who they want to be as adults. In these specific countries young girls, and women in general, are disempowered because they have to conform to their governments ideals for their very own society. These women’s conformity becomes a routine for them, that even they start believing that there is no way out of their societies ideals. Many times in Iran, Western women, who have their own style, who have their own opinion, reputation and power,who have their own personality and individuality, are the role models of these eastern women. Young girls use them as an inspiration of what they hope to achieve when building their character. In Marjane Satrapi’s graphic novel persepolis the female protagonist from the middle Eastern culture has a desire to empower her own identity by using western media and their image of an independant woman, as well as role models they encounter. It’s difficult to creates one’s identity, especially if you are a womenShow MoreRelated Persepolis Essay1768 Words   |  8 PagesPersepolis Amazing, intriguing, and unimaginable are just a few words to describe how I felt about Persepolis while I read this true life story of Marjane Satrapi. This book has helped me to see all the life struggles, good times, and adversities that Marji faced between the ages of nine to thirteen. The Islamic Revolution had such a daunting effect in the Middle East, especially in the county of Iran where Marji and her family resided. In the year of 1979 all that Marjane knew what it wasRead MorePersepolis1791 Words   |  8 PagesPersepolis Amazing, intriguing, and unimaginable are just a few words to describe how I felt about Persepolis while I read this true life story of Marjane Satrapi. This book has helped me to see all the life struggles, good times, and adversities that Marji faced between the ages of nine to thirteen. The Islamic Revolution had such a daunting effect in the Middle East, especially in the county of Iran where Marji and her family resided. In the year of 1979 all that Marjane knew what it was like

Evidence of Segmentation

Question: Write an essay on "Evidence of Segmentation". Answer: The financial technology also known as Fin Tech is a speedily growing line of trade that is transforming the monetary services sector and troublemaking existing monetary service suppliers. It brings together both finance and technology in order to introduce the innovative ways to distribute the financial services. Under Fin Tech, the peer to peer lending is the most well-known. The lender under the peer to peer category follows a diverse trade model to that of the financial organizations (Harwood et al. 2012). The banking industry in Australia is dominated by 4 main banks with a joint market share of 75 percent in the segment of mortgages of retail banking. The major banks and other incumbents place a superior importance on mortgages and deposits than on customer unsecured lending given remote larger income and earnings pools in those districts and their importance in establishing the consumer relationship (Frisoni et al. 2015). Lending to businesses in Australia was ~A$777 billion as of December 2014. Based on RBA data, individual loan balances below A$500,000 account for ~A$120 billion of lending, while balances between A$500,000 and A$2 million make up another ~A$130 billion of loans. The four-year compound growth rate since 2010 has been ~1.9% for the former and ~3.4% for the latter (Peguero-Pina et al. 2015). Segmentation lies somewhere near the middle of a continuum of marketing strategies that range from mass marketing in which a solitary product is obtainable to all customers in a marketto one-to-one marketingin which a diverse product is specially intended for each individual consumer. As per the evidence, the demographical factors like education, income, size of the household affects the choice of the financial outlet and the choices of brand. The evidence corroborates theories that are emphasizing the dynamics of resources investment, monetary services reformation and the financial incentives (Chahine et al. 2015). In the base case, it is assumed that P2P SME lending balances will cultivate from approximately zero today to ~A$11.4 billion (~12% of the TAM) in 2020. It is factored that in 2020 balances of ~A$15.2bn (~16% of the TAM) under the bull case and ~A$4.8 billion (~5% of the TAM) under the bear case (see Exhibit 114). In the viewpoint, SME lending via P2P will mature sooner than consumer unsecured provide because way in to credit from the banks is more unnatural in this section and it is thought that SME borrowers are more possible to search for substitute sources of credit. As per the IBIS report, in Australia the peer peer lending is still under its infancy. As estimated the loans that was issued in the year 2014 was approximately US$500 million. Presently, in Australia the majority of investments supplied for the Australian peer-peer lender are only available to complicated investors. Degree of Market Competition by Segment Concentration is the vital element that is considered vital in the evolution of competition. As per the traditional structure, a concentrated lending industry implies a lower degree of competition due to the undesirable exercise of market power. The authoritarian impediments to competition also create a desirable environment for a few powerful banks in order to hinder competition (Kim et al. 2016). The lack of significance in the market structure implies that the competition policy in the lending industry is more intricate than expected. However, the competitiveness in the industry cannot be measured only by the structure of the market. In order to determine the competition in the lending industry, the organizational quality as well as the amount of inter-industry competition plays a vital role. A concentrated lending industry endangers the competitiveness in the developing financial system. The degree of market competition in the lending industry is behind many other sectors. Competition is viewed quite often as an essential ingredient in the development strategy of the lending sectors. According to the conventional point of view, an augment in attentiveness fosters conspiracy and impairs competition. However, it is tricky to moderator whether concentration diminishes competition among lending industry, based on the experiential findings, where the case for using attentiveness as an alternative for competition is seriously doubtful. The market competition in the lending sector often leads to the lowering of costs and this in turn improves the efficiency of the fiscal intermediation, greater innovation of manufactured goods. Thus, the market competition leads to greater improvement, lower costs, enhanced competence as well as greater and broader supply. The link between competition and the lending sector performance leads to more complexity of the financial system. However, more competition leads to more entrance and in turn leads too weaker lending standard (Cheng et al. 2013). In case of the competition in the lending financial industry, the structure of the ownership seems to matter. By controlling the traits of the lending industry, it is robust to model condition and unusual measures of competition. References Chahine, C., El Berbari, R., Lagorre, C., Nakib, A. and Petit, E., 2015, September. Evidence theory for image segmentation using information from stochastic Watershed and Hessian filtering. InSystems, Signals and Image Processing (IWSSIP), 2015 International Conference on(pp. 141-144). IEEE. Cheng, P., Man, P. and Yi, C.H., 2013. The impact of product market competition on earnings quality.Accounting Finance,53(1), pp.137-162. Frisoni, G.B., Jack, C.R., Bocchetta, M., Bauer, C., Frederiksen, K.S., Liu, Y., Preboske, G., Swihart, T., Blair, M., Cavedo, E. and Grothe, M.J., 2015. The EADC-ADNI Harmonized Protocol for manual hippocampal segmentation on magnetic resonance: Evidence of validity.Alzheimer's Dementia,11(2), pp.111-125. Harwood, M.L., Ziegler, G.R. and Hayes, J.E., 2012. Rejection thresholds in chocolate milk: Evidence for segmentation.Food quality and preference,26(1), pp.128-133. Kim, K., Gopal, A. and Hoberg, G., 2016. Does Product Market Competition Drive CVC Investment? Evidence from the US IT Industry.Information Systems Research. Peguero-Pina, J.J., Sancho-Knapik, D., Martn, P., Saz, M.., Gea-Izquierdo, G., Caellas, I. and Gil-Pelegrn, E., 2015. Evidence of vulnerability segmentation in a deciduous Mediterranean oak (Quercus subpyrenaica EH del Villar).Trees,29(6), pp.1917-1927.

History Of Computers Essays (2719 words) - Vacuum Tube Computers

History Of Computers The History of Computers Only once in a lifetime will a new invention come about to touch every aspect of our lives. Such devices changed the way we manage, work, and live. A machine that has done all this and more now exists in nearly every business in the United States. This incredible invention is the computer. The electronic computer has been around for over a half-century, but its ancestors have been around for 2000 years. However, only in the last 40 years has the computer changed American management to it's greatest extent. From the first wooden abacus to the latest high-speed microprocessor, the computer has changed nearly every aspect of management, and our lives for the better. The very earliest existence of the modern day computer's ancestor is the abacus. These date back to almost 2000 years ago (Dolotta, 1985). It is simply a wooden rack holding parallel wires on which beads are strung. When these beads are moved along the wire according to programming rules that the user must memorize. All ordinary arithmetic operations can be performed on the abacus. This was one of the first management tools used. The next innovation in computers took place in 1694 when Blaise Pascal invented the first digital calculating machine. It could only add numbers and they had to be entered by turning dials. It was designed to help Pascal's father, who was a tax collector, manage the town's taxes (Beer, 1966). In the early 1800s, a mathematics professor named Charles Babbage designed an automatic calculation machine (Dolotta, 1985). It was steam powered and could store up to 1000 50-digit numbers. Built in to his machine were operations that included everything a modern general-purpose computer would need. It was programmed by and stored data on cards with holes punched in them, appropriately called punch cards. This machine was extremely useful to managers that delt with large volumes of good. With Babbage's machine, managers could more easily calculate the large numbers accumulated by inventories. The only problem was that there was only one of these machines built, thus making it difficult for all managers to use (Beer, 1966). After Babbage, people began to lose interest in computers. However, between 1850 and 1900 there were great advances in mathematics and physics that began to rekindle the interest. Many of these new advances involved complex calculations and formulas that were very time consuming for human calculation. The first major use for a computer in the U.S. was during the 1890 census. Two men, Herman Hollerith and James Powers, developed a new punched-card system that could automatically read information on cards without human (Dolotta, 1985). Since the population of the U.S. was increasing so fast, the computer was an essential tool for managers in tabulating the totals (Hazewindus,1988). These advantages were noted by commercial industries and soon led to the development of improved punch-card business-machine systems by International Business Machines, Remington-Rand, Burroughs, and other corporations (Chposky, 1988). By modern standards the punched-card machines were slow, typically processing from 50 to 250 cards per minute, with each card holding up to 80 digits. At the time, however, punched cards were an enormous step forward; they provided a means of input, output, and memory storage on a massive scale. For more than 50 years following their first use, punched-card machines did the bulk of the world's business computing (Jacobs, 1975). By the late 1930s punched-card machine techniques had become so well established and reliable that Howard Hathaway Aiken, in collaboration with engineers at IBM, undertook construction of a large automatic digital computer based on standard IBM electromechanical parts (Chposky, 1988). Aiken's machine, called the Harvard Mark I, handled 23-digit numbers and could perform all four arithmetic operations (Dolotta, 1985). Also, it had special built-in programs to handled logarithms and trigonometric functions. The Mark I was controlled from prepunched paper tape. Output was by card punch and electric typewriter. It was slow, requiring 3 to 5 seconds for a multiplication, but it was fully automatic and could complete long computations without human intervention. The outbreak of World War II produced a desperate need for computing capability, especially for the military (Dolotta, 1985). New weapons systems were produced which needed trajectory tables and

buy custom Archeology and the Public essay

buy custom Archeology and the Public essay The Meaning of the Past: The archeology and Identity Artifacts of the past often serve as a basis for the national emblems; such a circumstance sometimes leads to conflicts. The use of the name and symbol of golden casket by the officials of the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia caused tension between the Macedonians and Greeks. Ideology often interferes with the interpretation of the past: for instance, the Chinese government represents the cultural relics as a reflection of the class struggle. The Politics of Destruction In December 1992, Hindu extremists destroyed the Babri Masjid built in the 16th century AD in northern India. In March 2001 in Afghanistan, the Talibans ruined the tallest statues of Buddha in the world along with many objects in the National Museum in Kabul. Archeological Ethics There is a popular belief that human experience should be the subject of an archeological study. The opposite principle has led to the reburial of human remains without further study out of respect to the dead ancestors. Popular Archeology versus Pseudoarcheology The discovery of the Piltdown Man in the early 1990s and the publication of the book Atlantis, the Antediluvian World by Ignatius Donnelly in 1882 are examples of alternatve interpretation of the past. In 2000, the Japanese archeologist Shinichi Fujimura admitted having faked excavated artifacts at 42 sites. For the further thriving of archeology, the skillful popularization is required in the forms of exhibits, books, mass media and the Internet: for instance, Japan provides immediate presentation of the findings. Who Owns the Past? Greece demands the return of the marble sculptures from the Parthenon displayed in the British Museum. The museums from other states, such as Germany, France and the USA, received the petitions about returning the relics to the countries of their origin. Religious beliefs of the ancient Egyptians and Chinese, Greeks, Etruscans and Romans prohibited the disturbance of the dead. The adoption of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act in 1990 provided the legal grounds for protecting the artifacts from excavation. In 2002, the Army Corps of Engineers lost the legal battle and failed to hand the remains of Kennewick Man to the Native American Umatilla Tribe. The Australian Archeological Association decided to return over 800 skeleton remains and the burials from Kow Swamp to the Aborigines for reburial. The Responsibility of Collectors and Museums The Italian robber, Luigi Perticaraari, published his memoirs in 1986 and admitted having robbed 4,000 Etruscan tombs in 30 years. The Peruvian archeologist, Walter Alva, made a significant contribution to the rescue of the tombs of the Moche civilization, which were excavated in Northwest Peru in the late 1980s. In 1973, the Mimbres Foundation decided to purchase some surviving sites and conserve them in order to save them from looting. The Metropolitan Museum of Art exhibited the collection of Shelby White and Leon Levy of unknown origin in 1990. In 1994, the Getty Museum displayed the works of Barbara and Lawrence Fleischman that included illegally acquired antiquities. The Metropolitan Museum of Art had to return the antique masterpiece, the Euphronios Vase, to the Italian government due to the absence of information about its provenience. The United Kingdom Parliament declared dealing in the illegally excavated artifacts as a criminal offence by approving the Dealing in Cultural Objects (Offences) Act in 2003. In June 2003, the U. S. Court of Appeals convicted the antiquities dealer Frederick Shultz for selling the stolen Egyptian relics to the U. S. museums. Other cases of illicitly obtained artifacts include the Weary Heracles, the Sevso Treasure, the Getty Affair, the Salisbury Hoard, and the UCL Aramaic Incantation Bowls. Buy custom Archeology and the Public essay

The Definition and Knowledge on Youth Culture Research Paper

The Definition and Knowledge on Youth Culture - Research Paper Example Today, the youth engage in too much activity and have access to a lot of information that they refrain from following the advice of their elders; in fact, they believe they are old enough to make their own decisions even at early stages of adolescence (Harvey 228). As a result, the culture of the youth has vastly changed over a short period as compared to customary practices when people had to attain self-sufficiency and follow the right path in order to survive. Assertively, this essay entails a comprehensive assessment of facts supporting the notion that the culture of the youth continues to change over time. These facts will be a general evaluation of the journey from adolescence to adulthood that dictates the culture that the youth adopt. Significantly, the youth culture was not a topic of discussion until late in the 20th Century where it became a historical phenomenon based on an evaluation of past practices relative to the adolescence to adulthood experience. Since then many p rofessionals have come up with theories on the evolution of the youth culture based on the core influential factors i.e. history, economy and psychological traits. According to some of these theories, the changes in youth culture emanated from the introduction of schools as a compulsory way of education. The overall idea is that this isolation of the youth created a completely new experience of the adolescence to adulthood mostly because it led to limited interactions with adults. Contrary, problems such as those identified in the ‘How Long Will I Cry?’

Farming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Farming - Essay Example This word is a combination of â€Å"Taino batata† which stands for the sweet potato and the â€Å"Quecha papa† which is the actual potato. Reportedly, it was first cultivated in Peru and Bolivia (Spooner, McLean, Ramsay, Waugh, and Bryan 14694). It is a tuber that usually grows up to about 24 inches or 60 centimetres. Like other tubers, potatoes’ formations are dependent on daylight hours (Amador, Bou, Martinez-Garcia, Monte, Rodriguea-Falcon, Russo, and Prat 38). However, this tendency has been controlled in several varieties. As stated by the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization in 2005, potato is the world’s fourth-largest agricultural yield. It is following other staple crops such as wheat, rice, and corn. In fact, the common individual eats up to 33 kilograms or 73 pounds of this root vegetable each year. Aside from food, potato can also be used in other ways. It has otherwise been employed in different merchandises such as alcoholic beve rages, adhesives, and even ointments. Regarding potatoes’ role in history, potatoes were one of the crops used to help keep soldiers fed during the American Civil War. Logistics showed that the different armies strived to have enough nutrition. This is depicted in the documentary film, The Civil War which was created by Ken Burns in 1990. The vegetable was usually served in small compressed cubes. Potatoes were particularly helpful in those rations since other kinds of food such as rice were frequently infested. This information is backed up by the history of rations prepared by the Quartermaster School of the United States Army Quartermaster Foundation. The notes show that a part of the civil war rations by congressional acts in 1860 and 1861 have included potatoes. The record stated that 7 ounces of potatoes per soldier was proportioned. The potato ration was then increased in the Spanish American war. Additionally, a memoir of a soldier documented some of their usual nouri shment. â€Å"Each battalion has its own galley, but chow on Pavuvu consisted mainly of heated C rations: dehydrated eggs, dehydrated potatoes, and that detestable canned meant called Spam† (Manchester 260). To make rations last longer, the usual perishable goods were preserved often through dehydration. Another anecdote is from Private Walter Carter, 22nd Massachusetts Regiment. He wrote from near Washington in September 1862, â€Å"This morning I went foraging, and got corn, potatoes, cabbages, beets, etc. to make a grand boiled dinner. It was a great treat, after living so long on nothing; it tasted like home. It is fun to see the boys roasting corn and potatoes, frying meat and making coffee. I can cook almost anything now in a rude way† (161). From the aforementioned statements, it is clear that the soldiers lived on potatoes among other kinds of food. Relatedly, potato is one of the central harvests that were maximized in World War I. The government produced pamp hlets such as â€Å"Without Wheat†, â€Å"Sweets without Sugar†, and â€Å"Potato Possibilities†. These propagandas aimed to conserve resources for those fighting in the battle fields. The pamphlets were issued by the Federal Board of New York and supported by the United States Food Administration. The four-paged-pamphlet introduced potato as a â€Å"staff of life†, the introductions were written as: â€Å"It furnishes fuel for the body. It gives mineral salts which help to keep the blood in good condition. It is easily digested. It is a good food all

Compare two or more poems that convey different impressions about town life Essay Example for Free

Compare two or more poems that convey different impressions about town life Essay Compare two or more poems that convey different impressions about town life. Compare their purposes and techniques in writing these poems. In this essay I will analyse and discuss the similarities and differences of four poems, all about relating to life in London: Symphony In Yellow by Oscar Wilde, Composed Upon Westminster Bridge by William Wordsworth, London by William Blake, and Conveyancing by Thomas Hood. I will aim to focus on the techniques used by the poets and the overall effect the poet is trying to create. I will later illustrate the similarities and differences between the poems and how they convey comparable impressions of London. In the late 18th and 19th century, the country life was seen to be peaceful and calm, and London in general was seen as a busy and hectic atmosphere. Oscar Wilde was born in 1854 and grew up in an intellectually bustling Irish household. His inspirations of London came when he visited the city, in order of fulfilling his dream of becoming famous. I would expect an idealistic impression of London from Wilde, as he looks up upon London and believes that it is the place in which he will gain a successful career. William Wordsworth was brought up in the Lake District where he became extremely familiar of the exquisiteness of the surroundings. In his poems, I would expect Wordsworth to revolve around nature and to capture the inner beauty that the environment creates. William Blake was an imaginative poet who had visionary experiences for the supernatural. I expect that in his poems, the images created would be of an abnormal presence or enclosing a lack of liveliness and presenting a disturbed situation. Thomas Hood was brought up in a part of London which was not so wealthy, and where the citizens were not as well off than other parts of London. Later in his life, he was left to roam the streets of London, a time when he spent most of his life in solitary. This leads to me believing that Hood would write his poems about the different areas of the city, and what London basically comprises of. Also, I think believe that his poetry would have meaning that links in with the passing of time, as Hood spent a lot of his life watching the time go by. Composed Upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802 is a petrachan sonnet, not written about love, but one in which eulogises the view over West Minster Bridge. William Wordsworth is describing the view because he is inspired it and the feelings surrounding the beauty of the view. It is similar to Symphony in Yellow because it is an idealistic view of the surroundings; it also has a beautiful, tranquil impression of city life. The poem is set in the early morning, which gives a special sort of radiance to the city. It gives an impression of a clean and refreshed setting that is virtually seen as shiny and new. It beauty is enhanced by introducing the dazzling sun. The poem is different to Conveyancing as it is more peaceful and calming. Later in the day it would be more tense, more rushing, and lots of hustle and bustle. Wordsworths impression is based on London at a time of the morning where everything is asleep, and the time when nature invades a man-made scene. He uses antiquated words such as, doth, and ne-er which gives a sense of the city being more special, The city now doth. Wordsworth also uses similes such as, like a garment, wear the beauty of the morning, suggests that the morning is the striking part, like a garment cloaking the reality of the city. It is a covering, a beautiful faà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ade that is only temporary while the morning lasts. The word steep means to be saturated in. The sun is completely saturating the hill; never did it more beautifully shine until it shone onto the buildings. The power of the sun if infusing all buildings with light. The effect given is that of the sheer radiance of sun, which is saturating everything. The metaphor, That mighty heart relates towards the human body; the heart, being the main organ, is at the centre. The heart pumps resources around and therefore gives life and feeds the rest of the city. Everything centres around the city, while country is a life-giving organ. Touching and majesty in line 3 suggests awe and wonder, the poet is emotionally moved by the sight. It is a graceful and elegant sight that holds certain power that allows it to come across as commanding and reveal an impressive nature. It is to be looked upon, and it forces you to be humble upon its present. The beauty of the morning; silent, bare, Ships, towers, domes, theatres and temples lie. This list helps to construct the landscape as well as to create an image of all the buildings in the distant. It fills in the readers knowledge of the actual physical features that lay in the city, which help to understand the overall image created by filling in more detail to it. Bright and glittering implies a sense that the buildings are treasures, like jewels all glittering as the sun is shimmering through. Never did sun more beautifully steep contains alliteration, which produces sibilant sounds. This contributes to a tranquil feeling, certainly not an aggressive sound. It creates a restful atmosphere, and with the aid of soft consonants such as s a smooth dreamy effect is created. Neer saw I, never felt, a calm so deep! This repetition disrupts the flow and draws attention to the fine feeling he has. Quite a spontaneous feeling is illustrated by adding as it goes along; it is a personal attempt to record feelings. The river glideth at his own sweet will, is a form of personification that infuses the river with a sense of life. The personality of the river is amiable and sweet natured, it is a sentimental way of making it a positive feature. Dear God! The abrupt exclamation jolts the poem in attempt to suddenly articulate his feelings. It is quite a conversational line that recreates the experience of personal thought and emotion. The poem Conveyancing is a ballad that uses comedy to portray a bustling picture of life in London. Conveyancing is a general term for moving things from one place to another, which is exactly what this poem is about. It is a ballad, which tells a story, and is characterized by stanzas of four lines that rhyme alternately. The poem has a regular rhythm/rhyme scheme throughout, and regular syllables to help people sing it fluently. It is a version of a comedy poem with a punch that portrays London as a place of trade, poverty and stealing. The word Bustling suggests light-hearted action. Hood is being affectionate towards London but critical also, no one ever stops. It suggests that the city is too busy, and life is always on the go, loco-motion! Machine or man, or caravan, implies that people are always busy making and taking money. It also means that you can practically have anything if you pay for it. There is a lot of mention about the actual people in the city, and what happens in their life. Also, how they make an impact on how the city looks at a stereotypical perspective. There is talk about gambling, people getting drunk, and journalists. There are also jokes about horses being out of condition, Then if you like a single horse, This age is quite a cab-age. This suggests the poverty and scarcity in the city. Perched up to behind, at last to find, Your dinner is all dickey! This is being critical of the cafes in London, and also of the standard of food that is served there. There is a satirical tone that is brought in throughout the poem, whence the positive and negative aspects are shown. Some of the words are italicised, this defines a certain emphasis on words that create a constant rhythm going. There are a lot of references to transport such as steam, train and horses. This adds to the impression of a fast-paced moving environment. Symphony in Yellow is a poem where Wilde picks out dimensions of a scene that he is describing. There is far less activity in this poem than Conveyancing, and more of a tranquil atmosphere. The humans are not dominant impressions unlike Conveyancing. Symphony in Yellow is more about the nature and the soothing tone of the country. Crawls like a yellow butterfly, is associating with meadows and peace. It adds to the calm and relaxed mood of the poem. The thick fog hangs along the quay. This quote shows the fact that for is not just described as a dismal and depressing feature, but as elegant and enhancing. There are signs of trees and vegetation, The yellow leaves begin to fade. Also, And flutter from the Temple elms. Again, this enhances the nature prospect and the beauty of the poem. Pale green Thames, is another dazzling luxury, which brings colour to the scene. Wildes Symphony in Yellow is a simple image-based soporyphic poem. It is written in a very idealistic motion, painting a misleading portrait. It is more artistic that accurate. The poem is rather like Composed Upon Westminster Bridge, September 3, 1802 as it is an idealistic view of London, taking into account the nature and character of the city instead of focusing on man-made features.

Transit Oriented Development Essay -- Urban Trasportation Essays

Transit Oriented Development Introduction Policy makers across the country are focusing on numerous ways to combat sprawl throughout the United States. New movements, such as new urbanism, have come to the forefront in this fight. This review is looking into a new concept in the fight on sprawl, called Transit-oriented development or TOD. Although this new tool to fight sprawl is rapidly becoming a popular method, it is still a new concept and needs to be studied further. This review will provide insight into the historical background of this developing idea, look at case studies of how this new strategy has worked and failed so far, and provide a glimpse into what the future holds for this novel concept. Transit-oriented Design Objectives Transit-oriented development is defined as the creation of compact, walkable communities centered around train systems. TODs mix residential, retail, office, open space, and public uses in a walkable environment, making it convenient for residents and employees to travel by transit, bicycle, foot, or car† (2). Like conventional development around transit stations, TOD aims to increase transit ridership. However, unlike conventional development around a transit station, TOD plans are based on goals of improving transportation options, creating walkable communities, as well as improving â€Å"neighborhood cohesion, social diversity, conservation, public safety, and community revitalization† (3). TOD design principles contain elements that are intended to achieve these social, neighborhoods, regional, and transportation goals. If all of these goals are met development will become focused on high-density areas instead of a centrifugal developmental process. Transit-orie nted develop... ...ng our natural and cultural landscapes from uncontrolled development. Works Cited 1. Barton, Michael and Charles, John A. The Mythical World of Transit-Oriented Development: Light Rail and the Orenco Neighborhood, Hillsboro, Oregon. Cascade Policy Institute (2003). 2. Calthorpe, Peter. The Next American Metropolis: Ecology, Community, and the American Dream. New York: Princeton Architectural Press (1993). 3. Cervero, Robert. Rail Transit and Joint Development: Land Market Impacts in Washington, D.C. and Atlanta. APA Journal 60 (Winter 1994): 83-94. 4. Cort, Cheryl and Mary Gute. Building Healthier Neighborhoods with Metrorail: Improving Joint Development Opportunities. A Chesapeake Bay Foundation Report (2001). 5. Menotti, Val Joseph. The New Transit Town: Best Practices in Transit-Oriented Development. APA 71 (Winter 2005) pg. 111 Transit Oriented Development Essay -- Urban Trasportation Essays Transit Oriented Development Introduction Policy makers across the country are focusing on numerous ways to combat sprawl throughout the United States. New movements, such as new urbanism, have come to the forefront in this fight. This review is looking into a new concept in the fight on sprawl, called Transit-oriented development or TOD. Although this new tool to fight sprawl is rapidly becoming a popular method, it is still a new concept and needs to be studied further. This review will provide insight into the historical background of this developing idea, look at case studies of how this new strategy has worked and failed so far, and provide a glimpse into what the future holds for this novel concept. Transit-oriented Design Objectives Transit-oriented development is defined as the creation of compact, walkable communities centered around train systems. TODs mix residential, retail, office, open space, and public uses in a walkable environment, making it convenient for residents and employees to travel by transit, bicycle, foot, or car† (2). Like conventional development around transit stations, TOD aims to increase transit ridership. However, unlike conventional development around a transit station, TOD plans are based on goals of improving transportation options, creating walkable communities, as well as improving â€Å"neighborhood cohesion, social diversity, conservation, public safety, and community revitalization† (3). TOD design principles contain elements that are intended to achieve these social, neighborhoods, regional, and transportation goals. If all of these goals are met development will become focused on high-density areas instead of a centrifugal developmental process. Transit-orie nted develop... ...ng our natural and cultural landscapes from uncontrolled development. Works Cited 1. Barton, Michael and Charles, John A. The Mythical World of Transit-Oriented Development: Light Rail and the Orenco Neighborhood, Hillsboro, Oregon. Cascade Policy Institute (2003). 2. Calthorpe, Peter. The Next American Metropolis: Ecology, Community, and the American Dream. New York: Princeton Architectural Press (1993). 3. Cervero, Robert. Rail Transit and Joint Development: Land Market Impacts in Washington, D.C. and Atlanta. APA Journal 60 (Winter 1994): 83-94. 4. Cort, Cheryl and Mary Gute. Building Healthier Neighborhoods with Metrorail: Improving Joint Development Opportunities. A Chesapeake Bay Foundation Report (2001). 5. Menotti, Val Joseph. The New Transit Town: Best Practices in Transit-Oriented Development. APA 71 (Winter 2005) pg. 111

Kantian Ethics concerning human Cloning Essay

Cloning is a procedure conceived to notion in the late 1960s, but it is only recently that it was fully understood and that scientists have started to figure out how to successfully copy the genetic composition of one organism to another. Since science already knows how to do this, the only problems and obstacles that remains is efficiency and the success ratio of each operation. The cloning process consists of taking the nucleus of an organism, and placing it, along with the DNA that contains all the genetic material, in place of the nucleus of the host egg. The egg then forms an embryo and matures into the same exact â€Å"copy†, at least genetically, as the original organism. Already done on mammals, cloning is something that can be extended to utilize humans as subjects. In the future it will be wholly possible to create human clones to serve whatever purpose they were conceived for. However, presently there are numerous ethical issues surrounding cloning and there are pro blems about the implications of the use of cloning for the purpose of medicine. This issue plagues us so much that the constant objections of bioethicists and political and religious leaders have caused the US Government to propose a ban on all research concerning human cloning until a conclusion is reached on the moral and ethical aspects of the process. (Macer, 2) In this paper, I will discuss how Kantian views and ethics help us understand whether it is morally ethical to clone for the purpose of bettering our lives. Two points have to be distinguished. How exactly will human cloning aid medicine and society, and the implications of human worth and dignity when applied to clones. Kantian ethics were proposed by Immanuel Kant in his critical writing of the â€Å"Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals†. Kant argued that â€Å"non-rational things have only a relative value as means and are consequently called things. Rational beings, on the other hand, are called persons because their nature already marks them out as ends in themselves†¦ for unless this is so, nothing at all of absolute value would be found anywhere†. (Britannica, 473) All persons are able to adjust their behavior to what they reason to be moral behavior, but in using this capacity that all humans possess, they must act upon a categorical imperative to treat all similarly situated  people equally. They must uphold to their moral maxims and make their actions universal law, extending it equally to all persons. Kant reformulates this idea and states that we should â€Å"act in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never simply as a means, but always at the same times as an end†. (Britannica, 472) This means that we should never use people as only a means, and that because all persons have intrinsic human worth they should all be considered as ends in themselves. Kant’s vision involves only persons or rational agents. If no ‘person’ or rationality is present then it can be argued that the agent is simply a thing. Something that cannot rationalize and is not conscious of its existence cannot be argued as having human worth. So it is wholly possible, through some applications of science, to create â€Å"headless† clones that are not fully developed in the forebrain and who therefore cannot rationalize or exist consciously. (Friedman, 3) If able to be kept alive after their conception in order to mature, these clones can be used for harvesting of their organs for various medical purposes. Kant would not object to these kinds of clones because his concept of rationality is respected in accordance to the categorical imperative. If only rational agents are to be used as an end, and if no rationality exists, then whatever is left can be used only as a means to further some goal with no ethical wrongdoing involved. Developing a â€Å"headless† clone involves a process that prevents rationality and consciousness from ever being formed. This can be paralleled to other procedures that involve the same block of formation of rationality, particularly any form of birth control. Not allowing the development of â€Å"headless† clones because it is immoral makes any sort of birth control thus immoral too, because they also involve the preventing of the development of consciousness and rational thought. (Friedman, 4) If this imperative were to be upheld to a moral maxim, then we would need to be consistent in our actions and ban birth control just as human cloning is banned now. However, if human clones are developed as persons (with a whole brain and  fully functioning in every aspect) then our perspectives need to be changed to take a more moral view. Is it possible to morally clone a human to become an end in themselves? Suppose the case of a childless family where the mother is unable to conceive for whatever reasons. Somatic cell cloning can provide the family with a way to obtain a child through surrogate birth. (Friedman, 2) Even though copying the genetic composition of one parent and making the child a copy of them is somewhat strange, it is understandable from the parents’ point of view. If they are unable to naturally conceive, they should still be given some sort of chance to have a child. Cloning gives the parents this chance to have a child and have a somewhat normal family as an outcome. In this case the clone is treated as an end. He will grow up to be healthy and hopefully be regarded the same as a naturally conceived child. When he grows up, the clone will not denounce his existence. If asked the question of whether he would have rather not been born, the child would most likely thank cloning for his conception. The similar can be said for a clone that is used as a means for something but eventually becoming an end in themselves. Suppose the case of a family where a serious disease plagues an existing child and that only a specific blood type or a certain type of bone marrow will save him. If no donors are available, the child’s only ticket to survival might be a clone. Using the same genetic composition, his twin can be cloned in order to save his life. If this cloned twin is afterwards discarded, because he no longer serves a purpose or if he dies during the transfusion, this would in turn be highly unethical and immoral. However, if the parents exercise the human right of the clone as a person to exist, they are acting in accordance with the categorical imperative as stated above. They are extending the moral maxim to a universal law, and are treating the clone as a person, justly. The clone then becomes not simply a means to save a child’s life but an end in themselves also . The clone’s rationality and consciousness is not jeopardized. And in the same way as above, the clone would be thankful for having saved someone with his existence and would not regret his life. The immediately foreseeable problems with cloning for the purpose of childbirth might be seen when parents want to dictate the genetic makeup of  their child. They might not only want to eradicate genes that make a person susceptible to certain diseases, but they also might want to eliminate other unfavorable genes. Genes that control a person’s susceptibility to violence or other emotional factors, or genes that control a person’s appearance, such as height, hair and eye color and physical condition. In this way, parents might be able to mold genetically superior children to their liking. This would is most probable to eliminate uniqueness and individuality. There would be no randomness or pureness of nature in humans. Everything would be similar because certain specific qualities would be more favorable and popular. Also gene superiority would label clones as of higher value and might cause discrimination based solely on one’s genetic makeup. Only through tot al anonymity would this be preventable, and this condition is impossible. This problem can be directly related to the categorical imperative so crucial to Kant and Kantian ethics. Because morality must extended to be universal, it is imperative that both the superior clones and regularly genetically endowed humans are treated with similar regard. This however would seem to not be the case; the clones would always be favored in any situation. Therefore, this treatment would be immoral, as it would be immoral to clone human persons for such purposes, which are based only on vanity of people and discrimination of less favored genes. Many ethical issues and moral aspects of human cloning must be observed to get a larger picture of its implications. Kantianism gives us a way of differentiating in which situations will cloning be ethical or, the opposite, immoral. However, Kantian ethics is pretty specific in its situations and it can’t give a much more general and broad understanding of the ethics of cloning. It doesn’t tell us what to do, it only tells us whether something is moral or not. Kantianism is not a guide of morals but it is a very good understanding of them. Bibliography Friedman, Dan. â€Å"Cloning† Macalester Journal of Philosophy Vol. 9, 1999 Gardner, Jennifer. â€Å"To Clone or Not to Clone† http://pages.prodigy.net/darvi/clone.htm (12 Feb, 2001) â€Å"Kant, Immanuel† Encyclopaedia Britannica: In Depth Knowledge 1999 ed. Macer, Darryl R.J., Ph.D. â€Å"Ethical Challenges as we approach the end of the Human Genome Project.† N.p: n.p. 2000 Ruse, Michael, and Sheppard, Aryne. Cloning: Responsible Science or Technomadness? Prometheus Books, December 2000

Business Personal Liability Exposure Risk - 1513 Words

Introduction The running and operation of businesses poses the risks of loss and liability in the case of tort negligence or breach of contract. However, the business legal structure of a given organization greatly determines the risk of exposure to personal liability (Bevans, 2006). The paper investigates and compares the risk of exposure to personal liability in five business entities and explores how the risk can be mitigated. Business personal liability risk is classified as limited and unlimited. In unlimited liability, the personal assets in addition to business assets can be seized (Hillman Loewenstein, 2015). Limited liability as seen in limited partnerships, corporations and limited liability companies significantly reduce the risk of exposure to personal liability. Opening a limited partnership in addition to taking insurance to protect the business offers the best chance of averting the risk for personal liability risk (Schich, 2009). Table 1: Business Matrix Personal Liability Exposure risk (Compiled from Hillman Loewenstein, 2015) Business Personal Liability Exposure Tinker’s Home Security Service (sole proprietorship) High –exposure risk. The owner bears all the liability and losses incurred. Tinker’s Home Security Service (general partnership) High exposure risk of personal liability. However, the risk is shared among the partners. Tinker’s Home Security Service (LP) A limited partnership business has limited liability of the partners to the extent ofShow MoreRelatedRisk Management : Colorado State University Global1289 Words   |  6 Pagesdegree. Hazard or pure risks exist for this scholarly institution. Traditional risk management allows CSU-Global to assess and treat these risks. Generally, this is accomplished through insurance, specifically property-casualty, which transfers the risk of loss from the policyholder to the insurer. 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